Development of flood hazard maps of Bangladesh using NOAA-AVHRR images with GIS
نویسنده
چکیده
Flood hazard maps were developed using remote sensing (RS) data for the historical event of the 1988 flood with data of elevation height, and geological and physiographic divisions. Flood damage depends on the hydraulic factors which include characteristics of the flood such as the depth of flooding, rate of the rise in water level, propagation of a flood wave, duration and frequency of flooding, sediment load, and timing. In this study flood depth and "flood-affected frequency" within one flood event were considered for the evaluation of flood hazard assessment, where the depth and frequency of the flooding were assumed to be the major determinant in estimating the total damage function. Different combinations of thematic maps among physiography, geology, land cover and elevation were evaluated for flood hazard maps and a best combination for the event of the 1988 flood was proposed. Finally, the flood hazard map for Bangladesh and a flood risk map for the administrative districts of Bangladesh were proposed. Mise au point des cartes d'exposition au risque de crue du Bangla Desh à l'aide d'images NOAA AVHRR et d'un SIG Résumé Des cartes d'exposition au risque de crue ont été mises au point en utilisant des données altimétriques, géologiques et physiographiques obtenues par télédétection lors de la crue historique de 1988. Les dégâts provoqués par les crues dépendent de différents facteurs hydrauliques tels que le niveau de l'eau, la vitesse de montée du niveau, la propagation de l'onde de crue, la durée et la fréquence des crues, la charge en sédiments et le moment de la crue. Dans la présente étude, nous nous basons sur le niveau et la fréquence de crue pour évaluer le risque, car ces facteurs ont été considérés comme principaux dans l'estimation totale des dommages. Différentes combinaisons de cartes thématiques dont la physiographie, la géologie, l'occupation des sols et l'altitude ont été évaluées pour établir des cartes d'exposition au risque de crue et la meilleure combinaison relative à la crue de 1988 a été retenue. Une carte des risques de crues pour le Bangla Desh et une carte d'exposition au risque de ses différents districts administratifs sont enfin proposées.
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